<para>
Geometric data types represent two-dimensional spatial
objects. <xref linkend="datatype-geo-table"> shows the geometric
- types available in <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>. The
- most fundamental type, the point, forms the basis for all of the
- other types.
+ types available in <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>.
</para>
<table id="datatype-geo-table">
<row>
<entry>Name</entry>
<entry>Storage Size</entry>
- <entry>Representation</entry>
<entry>Description</entry>
+ <entry>Representation</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry><type>line</type></entry>
<entry>32 bytes</entry>
- <entry>Infinite line (not fully implemented)</entry>
- <entry>((x1,y1),(x2,y2))</entry>
+ <entry>Infinite line</entry>
+ <entry>{A,B,C}</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><type>lseg</type></entry>
</para>
</sect2>
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Lines</title>
+
+ <indexterm>
+ <primary>line</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <para>
+ Lines (<type>line</type>) are represented by the linear equation Ax + By
+ + C = 0, where A and B are not both zero. Values of
+ type <type>line</type> is input and output in the following form:
+<synopsis>
+{ <replaceable>A</replaceable>, <replaceable>B</replaceable>, <replaceable>C</replaceable> }
+</synopsis>
+
+ Alternatively, any of the following forms can be used for input:
+
+<synopsis>
+[ ( <replaceable>x1</replaceable> , <replaceable>y1</replaceable> ) , ( <replaceable>x2</replaceable> , <replaceable>y2</replaceable> ) ]
+( ( <replaceable>x1</replaceable> , <replaceable>y1</replaceable> ) , ( <replaceable>x2</replaceable> , <replaceable>y2</replaceable> ) )
+ ( <replaceable>x1</replaceable> , <replaceable>y1</replaceable> ) , ( <replaceable>x2</replaceable> , <replaceable>y2</replaceable> )
+ <replaceable>x1</replaceable> , <replaceable>y1</replaceable> , <replaceable>x2</replaceable> , <replaceable>y2</replaceable>
+</synopsis>
+
+ where
+ <literal>(<replaceable>x1</replaceable>,<replaceable>y1</replaceable>)</literal>
+ and
+ <literal>(<replaceable>x2</replaceable>,<replaceable>y2</replaceable>)</literal>
+ are two (different) points on the line.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
<sect2>
<title>Line Segments</title>
<entry>polygon to circle</entry>
<entry><literal>circle(polygon '((0,0),(1,1),(2,0))')</literal></entry>
</row>
+ <row>
+ <entry><literal><function>line(<type>point</type>, <type>point</type>)</function></literal></entry>
+ <entry><type>line</type></entry>
+ <entry>points to line</entry>
+ <entry><literal>line(point '(-1,0)', point '(1,0)')</literal></entry>
+ </row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
/***********************************************************************
**
** Routines for 2D lines.
- ** Lines are not intended to be used as ADTs per se,
- ** but their ops are useful tools for other ADT ops. Thus,
- ** there are few relops.
**
***********************************************************************/
+static bool
+line_decode(const char *str, LINE *line)
+{
+ char *tail;
+
+ while (isspace((unsigned char) *str))
+ str++;
+ if (*str++ != '{')
+ return false;
+ line->A = strtod(str, &tail);
+ if (tail <= str)
+ return false;
+ str = tail;
+ while (isspace((unsigned char) *str))
+ str++;
+ if (*str++ != DELIM)
+ return false;
+ line->B = strtod(str, &tail);
+ if (tail <= str)
+ return false;
+ str = tail;
+ while (isspace((unsigned char) *str))
+ str++;
+ if (*str++ != DELIM)
+ return false;
+ line->C = strtod(str, &tail);
+ if (tail <= str)
+ return false;
+ str = tail;
+ while (isspace((unsigned char) *str))
+ str++;
+ if (*str++ != '}')
+ return false;
+ while (isspace((unsigned char) *str))
+ str++;
+ if (*str)
+ return false;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
Datum
line_in(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
-#ifdef ENABLE_LINE_TYPE
char *str = PG_GETARG_CSTRING(0);
-#endif
LINE *line;
-
-#ifdef ENABLE_LINE_TYPE
- /* when fixed, modify "not implemented", catalog/pg_type.h and SGML */
LSEG lseg;
int isopen;
char *s;
- if ((!path_decode(TRUE, 2, str, &isopen, &s, &(lseg.p[0])))
- || (*s != '\0'))
+ line = (LINE *) palloc(sizeof(LINE));
+
+ if (path_decode(TRUE, 2, str, &isopen, &s, &(lseg.p[0])) && *s == '\0')
+ {
+ if (FPeq(lseg.p[0].x, lseg.p[1].x) && FPeq(lseg.p[0].y, lseg.p[1].y))
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
+ errmsg("invalid line specification: must be two distinct points")));
+
+ line_construct_pts(line, &lseg.p[0], &lseg.p[1]);
+ }
+ else if (line_decode(str, line))
+ {
+ if (FPzero(line->A) && FPzero(line->B))
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
+ errmsg("invalid line specification: A and B cannot both be zero")));
+ }
+ else
ereport(ERROR,
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TEXT_REPRESENTATION),
errmsg("invalid input syntax for type line: \"%s\"", str)));
- line = (LINE *) palloc(sizeof(LINE));
- line_construct_pts(line, &lseg.p[0], &lseg.p[1]);
-#else
- ereport(ERROR,
- (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
- errmsg("type \"line\" not yet implemented")));
-
- line = NULL;
-#endif
-
PG_RETURN_LINE_P(line);
}
Datum
line_out(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
-#ifdef ENABLE_LINE_TYPE
LINE *line = PG_GETARG_LINE_P(0);
-#endif
- char *result;
-
-#ifdef ENABLE_LINE_TYPE
- /* when fixed, modify "not implemented", catalog/pg_type.h and SGML */
- LSEG lseg;
-
- if (FPzero(line->B))
- { /* vertical */
- /* use "x = C" */
- result->A = -1;
- result->B = 0;
- result->C = pt1->x;
-#ifdef GEODEBUG
- printf("line_out- line is vertical\n");
-#endif
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- result->m = DBL_MAX;
-#endif
-
- }
- else if (FPzero(line->A))
- { /* horizontal */
- /* use "x = C" */
- result->A = 0;
- result->B = -1;
- result->C = pt1->y;
-#ifdef GEODEBUG
- printf("line_out- line is horizontal\n");
-#endif
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- result->m = 0.0;
-#endif
-
- }
- else
- {
- }
+ char *buf;
+ int ndig = DBL_DIG + extra_float_digits;
- if (FPzero(line->A)) /* horizontal? */
- {
- }
- else if (FPzero(line->B)) /* vertical? */
- {
- }
- else
- {
- }
+ if (ndig < 1)
+ ndig = 1;
- return path_encode(PATH_CLOSED, 2, (Point *) &(ls->p[0]));
-#else
- ereport(ERROR,
- (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
- errmsg("type \"line\" not yet implemented")));
- result = NULL;
-#endif
+ buf = palloc(ndig * 3 + 5);
+ sprintf(buf, "{%.*g,%.*g,%.*g}", ndig, line->A, ndig, line->B, ndig, line->C);
- PG_RETURN_CSTRING(result);
+ PG_RETURN_CSTRING(buf);
}
/*
Datum
line_recv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
- ereport(ERROR,
- (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
- errmsg("type \"line\" not yet implemented")));
- return 0;
+ StringInfo buf = (StringInfo) PG_GETARG_POINTER(0);
+ LINE *line;
+
+ line = (LINE *) palloc(sizeof(LINE));
+
+ line->A = pq_getmsgfloat8(buf);
+ line->B = pq_getmsgfloat8(buf);
+ line->C = pq_getmsgfloat8(buf);
+
+ PG_RETURN_LINE_P(line);
}
/*
Datum
line_send(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
- ereport(ERROR,
- (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
- errmsg("type \"line\" not yet implemented")));
- return 0;
+ LINE *line = PG_GETARG_LINE_P(0);
+ StringInfoData buf;
+
+ pq_begintypsend(&buf);
+ pq_sendfloat8(&buf, line->A);
+ pq_sendfloat8(&buf, line->B);
+ pq_sendfloat8(&buf, line->C);
+ PG_RETURN_BYTEA_P(pq_endtypsend(&buf));
}
result->C = pt->y - m * pt->x;
}
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- result->m = m;
-#endif
-
return result;
}
line->A = -1;
line->B = 0;
line->C = pt1->x;
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- line->m = DBL_MAX;
-#endif
#ifdef GEODEBUG
printf("line_construct_pts- line is vertical\n");
#endif
line->A = 0;
line->B = -1;
line->C = pt1->y;
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- line->m = 0.0;
-#endif
#ifdef GEODEBUG
printf("line_construct_pts- line is horizontal\n");
#endif
line->A = (pt2->y - pt1->y) / (pt2->x - pt1->x);
line->B = -1.0;
line->C = pt1->y - line->A * pt1->x;
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- line->m = line->A;
-#endif
#ifdef GEODEBUG
printf("line_construct_pts- line is neither vertical nor horizontal (diffs x=%.*g, y=%.*g\n",
DBL_DIG, (pt2->x - pt1->x), DBL_DIG, (pt2->y - pt1->y));
LINE *l1 = PG_GETARG_LINE_P(0);
LINE *l2 = PG_GETARG_LINE_P(1);
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- PG_RETURN_BOOL(FPeq(l1->m, l2->m));
-#endif
if (FPzero(l1->B))
PG_RETURN_BOOL(FPzero(l2->B));
LINE *l1 = PG_GETARG_LINE_P(0);
LINE *l2 = PG_GETARG_LINE_P(1);
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- if (l1->m)
- PG_RETURN_BOOL(FPeq(l2->m / l1->m, -1.0));
- else if (l2->m)
- PG_RETURN_BOOL(FPeq(l1->m / l2->m, -1.0));
-#endif
if (FPzero(l1->A))
PG_RETURN_BOOL(FPzero(l2->B));
else if (FPzero(l1->B))
LinePGetDatum(l2))))
return NULL;
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- if (FPzero(l1->B)) /* l1 vertical? */
- result = point_construct(l2->m * l1->C + l2->C, l1->C);
- else if (FPzero(l2->B)) /* l2 vertical? */
- result = point_construct(l1->m * l2->C + l1->C, l2->C);
- else
- {
- x = (l1->C - l2->C) / (l2->A - l1->A);
- result = point_construct(x, l1->m * x + l1->C);
- }
-#endif
-
if (FPzero(l1->B)) /* l1 vertical? */
{
x = l1->C;
static double
dist_pl_internal(Point *pt, LINE *line)
{
- return (line->A * pt->x + line->B * pt->y + line->C) /
- HYPOT(line->A, line->B);
+ return fabs((line->A * pt->x + line->B * pt->y + line->C) /
+ HYPOT(line->A, line->B));
}
Datum
result = (Point *) palloc(sizeof(Point));
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- if (FPeq(line->A, -1.0) && FPzero(line->B))
- { /* vertical */
- }
-#endif
if (FPzero(line->B)) /* vertical? */
{
result->x = line->C;
PG_RETURN_POINT_P(result);
}
/* drop a perpendicular and find the intersection point */
-#ifdef NOT_USED
- invm = -1.0 / line->m;
-#endif
+
/* invert and flip the sign on the slope to get a perpendicular */
invm = line->B / line->A;
tmp = line_construct_pm(pt, invm);
Datum
close_sl(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
+#ifdef NOT_USED
LSEG *lseg = PG_GETARG_LSEG_P(0);
LINE *line = PG_GETARG_LINE_P(1);
Point *result;
result = point_copy(&lseg->p[1]);
PG_RETURN_POINT_P(result);
+#endif
+
+ ereport(ERROR,
+ (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+ errmsg("function \"close_sl\" not implemented")));
+
+ PG_RETURN_NULL();
}
/* close_ls()
#define POLYGONOID 604
DATA(insert OID = 628 ( line PGNSP PGUID 32 f b G f t \054 0 701 629 line_in line_out line_recv line_send - - - d p f 0 -1 0 0 _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
-DESCR("geometric line (not implemented)");
+DESCR("geometric line");
#define LINEOID 628
DATA(insert OID = 629 ( _line PGNSP PGUID -1 f b A f t \054 0 628 0 array_in array_out array_recv array_send - - array_typanalyze d x f 0 -1 0 0 _null_ _null_ _null_ ));
-DESCR("");
/* OIDS 700 - 799 */
/*---------------------------------------------------------------------
* LINE - Specified by its general equation (Ax+By+C=0).
- * If there is a y-intercept, it is C, which
- * incidentally gives a freebie point on the line
- * (if B=0, then C is the x-intercept).
- * Slope m is precalculated to save time; if
- * the line is not vertical, m == A.
*-------------------------------------------------------------------*/
typedef struct
{
double A,
B,
C;
-
- double m;
} LINE;
| (10,10) | [(11,22),(33,44)] | (11,22)
(30 rows)
---
--- Lines
---
--
-- Boxes
--
--- /dev/null
+--
+-- LINE
+-- Infinite lines
+--
+--DROP TABLE LINE_TBL;
+CREATE TABLE LINE_TBL (s line);
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('{1,-1,1}');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('(0,0),(6,6)');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('10,-10 ,-3,-4');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[-1e6,2e2,3e5, -4e1]');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('(11,22,33,44)');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(1,0),(1,0)]');
+ERROR: invalid line specification: must be two distinct points
+LINE 1: INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(1,0),(1,0)]');
+ ^
+-- horizontal
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(1,3),(2,3)]');
+-- vertical
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(3,1),(3,2)]');
+-- bad values for parser testing
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('{0,0,1}');
+ERROR: invalid line specification: A and B cannot both be zero
+LINE 1: INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('{0,0,1}');
+ ^
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('(3asdf,2 ,3,4r2)');
+ERROR: invalid input syntax for type line: "(3asdf,2 ,3,4r2)"
+LINE 1: INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('(3asdf,2 ,3,4r2)');
+ ^
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[1,2,3, 4');
+ERROR: invalid input syntax for type line: "[1,2,3, 4"
+LINE 1: INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[1,2,3, 4');
+ ^
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(,2),(3,4)]');
+ERROR: invalid input syntax for type line: "[(,2),(3,4)]"
+LINE 1: INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(,2),(3,4)]');
+ ^
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(1,2),(3,4)');
+ERROR: invalid input syntax for type line: "[(1,2),(3,4)"
+LINE 1: INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(1,2),(3,4)');
+ ^
+select * from LINE_TBL;
+ s
+---------------------------------------------
+ {1,-1,1}
+ {1,-1,0}
+ {-0.461538461538462,-1,-5.38461538461538}
+ {-0.000184615384615385,-1,15.3846153846154}
+ {1,-1,11}
+ {0,-1,3}
+ {-1,0,3}
+(7 rows)
+
+-- functions and operators
+SELECT * FROM LINE_TBL WHERE (s <-> line '[(1,2),(3,4)]') < 10;
+ s
+---------------------------------------------
+ {1,-1,1}
+ {1,-1,0}
+ {-0.461538461538462,-1,-5.38461538461538}
+ {-0.000184615384615385,-1,15.3846153846154}
+ {1,-1,11}
+ {0,-1,3}
+ {-1,0,3}
+(7 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM LINE_TBL WHERE (point '(0.1,0.1)' <-> s) < 1;
+ s
+----------
+ {1,-1,1}
+ {1,-1,0}
+(2 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM LINE_TBL WHERE (lseg '[(0.1,0.1),(0.2,0.2)]' <-> s) < 1;
+ s
+----------
+ {1,-1,1}
+ {1,-1,0}
+(2 rows)
+
+SELECT line '[(1,1),(2,1)]' <-> line '[(-1,-1),(-2,-1)]';
+ ?column?
+----------
+ 2
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,1)]' <-> line '[(-1,-1),(-2,-1)]';
+ ?column?
+----------
+ 2
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT point '(-1,1)' <-> line '[(-3,0),(-4,0)]';
+ ?column?
+----------
+ 1
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(5,5)]' ?# line '[(2,0),(0,2)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(5,5)]' ?# line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?# box '(0,0,2,2)'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(3,0),(4,1)]' ?# box '(0,0,2,2)'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT point '(1,1)' <@ line '[(0,0),(2,2)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT point '(1,1)' <@ line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT point '(1,1)' @ line '[(0,0),(2,2)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT point '(1,1)' @ line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,2)]' <@ line '[(0,0),(2,2)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,1)]' <@ line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,2)]' @ line '[(0,0),(2,2)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,1)]' @ line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT point '(0,1)' ## line '[(0,0),(1,1)]';
+ ?column?
+-----------
+ (0.5,0.5)
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ## lseg '[(1,0),(2,0)]';
+ ?column?
+----------
+ (1,0)
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?# line '[(1,0),(2,1)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?# line '[(1,0),(1,1)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' # line '[(1,0),(2,1)]';
+ ?column?
+----------
+
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' # line '[(1,0),(1,1)]';
+ ?column?
+----------
+ (1,1)
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?|| line '[(1,0),(2,1)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?|| line '[(1,0),(1,1)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,0)]' ?-| line '[(0,0),(0,1)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?-| line '[(1,0),(1,1)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT ?- line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT ?- line '[(0,0),(1,1)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT ?| line '[(0,0),(0,1)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT ?| line '[(0,0),(1,1)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line(point '(1,2)', point '(3,4)');
+ line
+----------
+ {1,-1,1}
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(1,2),(3,4)]' = line '[(3,4),(4,5)]'; -- true
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT line '[(1,2),(3,4)]' = line '[(3,4),(4,4)]'; -- false
+ ?column?
+----------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
interval_tbl | f
iportaltest | f
kd_point_tbl | t
+ line_tbl | f
log_table | f
lseg_tbl | f
main_table | f
timetz_tbl | f
tinterval_tbl | f
varchar_tbl | f
-(155 rows)
+(156 rows)
--
-- another sanity check: every system catalog that has OIDs should have
interval_tbl
iportaltest
kd_point_tbl
+ line_tbl
log_table
lseg_tbl
main_table
tvvmv
varchar_tbl
xacttest
-(118 rows)
+(119 rows)
SELECT name(equipment(hobby_construct(text 'skywalking', text 'mer')));
name
# ----------
# The second group of parallel tests
# ----------
-test: point lseg box path polygon circle date time timetz timestamp timestamptz interval abstime reltime tinterval inet macaddr tstypes comments
+test: point lseg line box path polygon circle date time timetz timestamp timestamptz interval abstime reltime tinterval inet macaddr tstypes comments
# ----------
# Another group of parallel tests
test: numerology
test: point
test: lseg
+test: line
test: box
test: path
test: polygon
SELECT '' AS thirty, p.f1, l.s, p.f1 ## l.s AS closest
FROM LSEG_TBL l, POINT_TBL p;
---
--- Lines
---
-
--
-- Boxes
--
--- /dev/null
+--
+-- LINE
+-- Infinite lines
+--
+
+--DROP TABLE LINE_TBL;
+CREATE TABLE LINE_TBL (s line);
+
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('{1,-1,1}');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('(0,0),(6,6)');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('10,-10 ,-3,-4');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[-1e6,2e2,3e5, -4e1]');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('(11,22,33,44)');
+
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(1,0),(1,0)]');
+
+-- horizontal
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(1,3),(2,3)]');
+-- vertical
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(3,1),(3,2)]');
+
+-- bad values for parser testing
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('{0,0,1}');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('(3asdf,2 ,3,4r2)');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[1,2,3, 4');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(,2),(3,4)]');
+INSERT INTO LINE_TBL VALUES ('[(1,2),(3,4)');
+
+select * from LINE_TBL;
+
+
+-- functions and operators
+
+SELECT * FROM LINE_TBL WHERE (s <-> line '[(1,2),(3,4)]') < 10;
+
+SELECT * FROM LINE_TBL WHERE (point '(0.1,0.1)' <-> s) < 1;
+
+SELECT * FROM LINE_TBL WHERE (lseg '[(0.1,0.1),(0.2,0.2)]' <-> s) < 1;
+
+SELECT line '[(1,1),(2,1)]' <-> line '[(-1,-1),(-2,-1)]';
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,1)]' <-> line '[(-1,-1),(-2,-1)]';
+SELECT point '(-1,1)' <-> line '[(-3,0),(-4,0)]';
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(5,5)]' ?# line '[(2,0),(0,2)]'; -- true
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(5,5)]' ?# line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?# box '(0,0,2,2)'; -- true
+SELECT line '[(3,0),(4,1)]' ?# box '(0,0,2,2)'; -- false
+
+SELECT point '(1,1)' <@ line '[(0,0),(2,2)]'; -- true
+SELECT point '(1,1)' <@ line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+
+SELECT point '(1,1)' @ line '[(0,0),(2,2)]'; -- true
+SELECT point '(1,1)' @ line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,2)]' <@ line '[(0,0),(2,2)]'; -- true
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,1)]' <@ line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,2)]' @ line '[(0,0),(2,2)]'; -- true
+SELECT lseg '[(1,1),(2,1)]' @ line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- false
+
+SELECT point '(0,1)' ## line '[(0,0),(1,1)]';
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ## lseg '[(1,0),(2,0)]';
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?# line '[(1,0),(2,1)]'; -- false
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?# line '[(1,0),(1,1)]'; -- true
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' # line '[(1,0),(2,1)]';
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' # line '[(1,0),(1,1)]';
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?|| line '[(1,0),(2,1)]'; -- true
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?|| line '[(1,0),(1,1)]'; -- false
+
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,0)]' ?-| line '[(0,0),(0,1)]'; -- true
+SELECT line '[(0,0),(1,1)]' ?-| line '[(1,0),(1,1)]'; -- false
+
+SELECT ?- line '[(0,0),(1,0)]'; -- true
+SELECT ?- line '[(0,0),(1,1)]'; -- false
+
+SELECT ?| line '[(0,0),(0,1)]'; -- true
+SELECT ?| line '[(0,0),(1,1)]'; -- false
+
+SELECT line(point '(1,2)', point '(3,4)');
+
+SELECT line '[(1,2),(3,4)]' = line '[(3,4),(4,5)]'; -- true
+SELECT line '[(1,2),(3,4)]' = line '[(3,4),(4,4)]'; -- false