JUnit Jupiter breaks on Kotlin 1.9.0 / GraalVM native

[sgammon]

Describe the issue
Running JUnit Jupiter tests on Kotlin 1.9.0 fails when running under GraalVM (nativeTest via Gradle). See reproducer project.

Cross filed as:

• KT-60211 with Kotlin team
• GraalVM native tests fail with Kotlin 1.9.0 micronaut-projects/micronaut-core#9547 with Micronaut team

The error:

kotlin.annotation.AnnotationRetention was unintentionally initialized at build time. kotlin.annotation.AnnotationRetention caused initialization of this class with the following trace:

This happens for classes:

• kotlin.annotation.AnnotationRetention
• kotlin.annotation.AnnotationTarget

Steps to reproduce the issue
Please include both build steps as well as run steps

1. Generate a Micronaut project which uses Jupiter tests and GraalVM
2. Upgrade from 1.8.22 to 1.9.0
3. Run nativeTests, observe error

Describe GraalVM and your environment:

• GraalVM version (latest snapshot builds can be found here), or commit id if built from source: EE 22.3.1, GraalVM 20
• JDK major version: 19
• OS: Ventura 13.4.1
• Architecture: Apple M2

More details
This bug disappears when built against Kotlin 1.8.22. Changing the language version to 1.8 on SDK 1.9.0 yields no change.

(Log attached, too big for issue body)

[sgammon]

error log: error-log-full.txt

[oubidar-Abderrahim]

Hi, Thank you for reporting this issue, could you please specify the output of java -version for the GraalVM version used? also, did you try with the latest snapshot builds?

[sgammon]

@oubidar-Abderrahim i've tried with EE 22.3.1, GraalVM 20. see below for both version outputs. i have not yet tried with snapshot builds

EE 22.3.1:

java version "19.0.2" 2023-01-17
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment GraalVM EE 22.3.1 (build 19.0.2+7-jvmci-22.3-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM GraalVM EE 22.3.1 (build 19.0.2+7-jvmci-22.3-b11, mixed mode, sharing)

Latest (GVM 20):

java version "20.0.1" 2023-04-18
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment Oracle GraalVM 20.0.1+9.1 (build 20.0.1+9-jvmci-23.0-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM Oracle GraalVM 20.0.1+9.1 (build 20.0.1+9-jvmci-23.0-b12, mixed mode, sharing)

[DarkAtra]

according to the Kotlin team this is caused by a new language feature called EnumEntries. All enum entries are initialized in a static initializer, e.g. during build-time.

They think this is a bug in Graal, what's your opinion on that and what do you recommend as a fix? Explicitly listing all Kotlin Enums via --initialize-at-build-time, as recommended by the Kotlin team, seems a bit strange to me.

[iseki0]

It affects all library which dependent to kotlin-stdlib:1.9.0. Because in gradle the highest version will be chosen.

[DarkAtra]

hey @oubidar-Abderrahim, could you please comment on this issue? it currently blocks us from updating our projects to more recent kotlin versions and it would be great to know if there is something we're supposed to do or if it's considered a bug in graalvm or kotlin (in which case we would reach out to jetbrains again).

[oubidar-Abderrahim]

cc @dnestoro (GR 47593)

[vjovanov]

This will likely not be a problem with GraalVM versions after Java 21. The culprit class is not stored in the image heap so its initialization during JUnit initialization should not be a problem.

Note that with GraalVM 21 we need to add the --strict-image-heap flag to the native-image command line. Also, make sure to use the latest native-build-tools.

I'm looking forward to seeing if it works out.

[volkert-fastned]

@vjovanov Thanks for the update. Can you maybe clarify what exactly you meant with "after Java 21"? Does that mean that we would we have to wait for Java 22? That would be unfortunate, not only since that will take quite a while longer, but also since Java 22 won't be an LTS version. Or perhaps you meant that it is expected to be fixed in a minor version update (Java 21.1.x)?

[vjovanov]

No need to wait for Java 22, it will work with the latest update of Java 21 with the flag --strict-image-heap.

[DarkAtra]

No need to wait for Java 22, it will work with the latest update of Java 21 with the flag --strict-image-heap.

would it be somehow possible to backport the fix to older versions? kotlin introduces support for java 21 in version 1.9.20 and there are other open issues that prevent me from updating to newer graal version (such as #7089)

[vjovanov]

Not possible unfortunately as this is a very involved change to the Native Image behavior.